• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A device for providing a reducing agent includes a reaction vessel (30). The reaction vessel (30) has a reaction chamber (30a, 30b) in which the fuel of a hydrocarbon compound is mixed with air and oxidized with oxygen in the air. An equivalent ratio of fuel to air in the reaction chamber (30a, 30b) is adjusted to lie within a specified equivalent ratio range. A temperature in the reaction chamber (30a, 30b) is adjusted to be within a specified temperature range. The specified equivalent ratio range and the specified temperature range are defined such that a cold flame reaction, with which the fuel in the reaction chamber (30a, 30b) is partially oxidized with oxygen in the air , is generated. The partially oxidized fuel with the cold flame reaction is used as a reducing agent.
    公开号:FR3016920A1
    申请号:FR1550642
    申请日:2015-01-28
    公开日:2015-07-31
    发明作者:Masumi Kinugawa；Shigeto Yahata；Yuuki Tarusawa；Keiji Noda；Mao Hosoda
    申请人:Denso Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present disclosure relates to a device for providing a reducing agent for providing a hydrocarbon compound (fuel) as a reducing agent used for reducing NOx. In general, the NOx (nitrogen oxides) contained in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine are purified during the reaction of NOx with a reducing agent in the presence of a reduction catalyst. For example, a patent document (JP 2009-162173 A) discloses a purification system that uses fuel (hydrocarbon compound) for combustion of an internal combustion engine as a reducing agent, and the system provides the fuel in an exhaust passage at a position upstream of a reduction catalyst. In the purification system, when a temperature of the reduction catalyst does not reach an activation temperature, the supply of fuel is stopped until the temperature of the reduction catalyst reaches the activation temperature.
    [0002] According to the study carried out by the inventors of the present disclosure, however, when a temperature of the reduction catalyst reaches the activation temperature but does not reach a certain elevated temperature, the NOx reducing action (reducing performance ) the fuel remains low, an adequate NOx scrubbing rate can not be obtained.
    [0003] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a device for providing a reducing agent having an improved NOx scrubbing rate. In one aspect of the present disclosure, a reducing agent supplying device is for a fuel combustion system that includes an NOx scrubbing device having a reduction catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage for purifying the fuel. NOx contained in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The device for supplying a reducing agent provides a reducing agent in the exhaust passage at a position upstream of the reduction catalyst. The delivery device of a reducing agent includes a reaction vessel, an equivalent ratio regulator and a temperature controller. The reaction vessel has a reaction chamber in which the fuel of a hydrocarbon compound is mixed with air and is oxidized with oxygen in the air. The equivalent ratio regulator adjusts an equivalent ratio of fuel to air within the reaction chamber to be within a specified equivalent ratio range. The temperature controller adjusts a temperature within the reaction chamber to be within a specified temperature range. The specified equivalent ratio range and the specified temperature range are defined such that a cold flame reaction, through which the fuel within the reaction chamber is partially oxidized with oxygen in air, is generated. Fuel that is partially oxidized through the cold flame reaction is used as a reducing agent. It should be noted that the fuel in a high temperature environment burns by self-ignition through an oxidation reaction with the oxygen contained in the air, even in the atmospheric pressure. Such a self-igniting combustion oxidation reaction is also referred to as a "hot flame reaction" in which carbon dioxide and water are generated while generating heat. However, when a ratio of fuel and air (i.e., equivalent ratio), and ambient temperature are within given ranges, a period during which the oxidation reaction remains at the cold flame reaction as described below becomes longer, and then the hot flame reaction occurs. That is, the oxidation reaction occurs in two stages, the cold flame reaction and the hot flame reaction. The cold flame reaction is expected to occur when the ambient temperature is low and the equivalent ratio is low. In the cold flame reaction, the fuel is partially oxidized with oxygen in the ambient air. When the ambient temperature increases due to the heat generation caused by the cold flame reaction, and then, as a given time elapses, the partially oxidized fuel (for example, the aldehyde) is further oxidized, whereby the hot flame reaction occurs. When the partially oxidized fuel, such as aldehyde, generated through the cold flame reaction is used as the NOx scrubbing agent, an NOx scrubbing rate is improved over a case. wherein fuel that is not partially oxidized is used.
    [0004] In view of the foregoing, the inventors of the present disclosure have investigated the use of reformed fuel as a reducing agent for NOx scrubbing to improve the NOx scrubbing rate. The reformed fuel is generated by reforming the fuel to the aldehyde, for example, through the cold flame reaction. As a result, the inventors have become aware that the cold flame reaction can occur before the hot flame reaction by adjusting an ambient temperature and the equivalent ratio so that they are within the given ranges, respectively. In view of the knowledge, the delivery device of a reducing agent includes the reaction vessel having the reaction chamber, and the fuel is oxidized with oxygen in the air inside the reaction chamber. A temperature inside the reaction chamber and the equivalent ratio are adjusted to generate the cold flame reaction, whereby the fuel is partially oxidized through the cold flame reaction. Then, the partially oxidized fuel is used as a reducing agent for NOx purification. Therefore, the NOx scrubbing rate can be improved with respect to a case in which fuel that is not partially oxidized is used as a reducing agent. The present invention comprises one or more of the following features: - The device for providing a reducing agent further comprises an ozone generator which generates ozone which is provided in the reaction chamber during the generation of the reaction cold flame. - The ozone generator generates ozone by electrical discharge of air, and the device for supplying a reducing agent further comprises a discharge power regulator which regulates the electric power used for an electric discharge at the level of ozone generator according to a fuel concentration inside the reaction chamber. When a temperature of the reduction catalyst is lower than an activation temperature of the reduction catalyst, the ozone generated by the ozone generator is supplied to the reaction chamber while stopping the supply of fuel in the reactor chamber; reaction to provide ozone in the exhaust passage at a position upstream of the reduction catalyst. - The device for providing a reducing agent comprises: a heater that heats the fuel supplied in the reaction chamber; and a temperature sensor which detects a temperature within the reaction chamber, the temperature controller adjusting the temperature within the reaction chamber to be within the specified temperature range. setting the heater according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The equivalent ratio regulator modifies a target equivalent ratio, which is a target value of the equivalent ratio, depending on the temperature within the reaction chamber. - The equivalent ratio regulator includes a fuel flow regulator that regulates a fuel flow to be supplied in the reaction chamber; and an air flow regulator which regulates a flow of air to be supplied to the reaction chamber. The fuel flow controller defines a target fuel rate which is a target value of the fuel flow to be supplied to the reaction chamber, based on a required flow rate of the reducing agent, which is required at the level of the fuel. NOx scrubber, and the airflow controller defines a target airflow which is a target value of the airflow to be supplied to the reaction chamber, based on the target fuel flow rate. so that the equivalent ratio is within the specified equivalent ratio range. The disclosure, as well as the objects, features and additional advantages thereof, will be better understood from the following description, appended claims and accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device providing a reducing agent applied to a combustion system; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the device for providing a reducing agent; Figure 3 is a sectional view of a fuel injector illustrating a sectional shape of the injection ports; Figure 4 is a schematic view of a protected area of a fuel sprayer on a heater heating surface; Fig. 5 shows graphs of a two-step oxidation reaction consisting of a cold flame reaction and a hot flame reaction; Fig. 6 shows graphs illustrating portions of Fig. 5 corresponding to the cold flame reaction; Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a reaction process of the cold flame reaction; Fig. 8 is a graph illustrating simulation results of temperature changes caused by the two-step oxidation reaction under conditions different from an initial temperature; Fig. 9 is a graph illustrating simulation results of temperature changes caused by the two-step oxidation reaction under conditions different from equivalence ratio; Fig. 10 is a graph illustrating a region of the initial temperature and the equivalent ratio in which the two-step oxidation reaction occurs; Fig. 11 is a graph illustrating simulation results of temperature changes caused by the two-step oxidation reaction under conditions different from ozone concentration; Fig. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a switching process between ozone generation and reformed fuel generation according to the delivery device of a reducing agent illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a process of a subroutine of an ozone generation control illustrated in Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a process of a subroutine of a reformed fuel generation control illustrated in Fig. 12; Figure 15 is a schematic view of a device for providing a reducing agent applied to a combustion system; and FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a device for supplying a reducing agent applied to a combustion system.
    [0005] We will now describe a plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings. In embodiments, an item that corresponds to a subject described in a previous embodiment may be assigned the same reference number, and a redundant explanation for that item may be omitted. When only one element of a configuration is described in one embodiment, another previous embodiment may be applied to the other elements of the configuration. The elements can be combined even if it is not explicitly described that the elements can be combined. The embodiments may be partially combined even though it is not explicitly described that the embodiments may be combined, provided that the combination is not harmful. First Embodiment A combustion system as illustrated in FIG. 1 includes an internal combustion engine 10, a supercharger 11, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 14, a FPD regeneration device (regeneration COD 14a) , an NOx purification device 15, a reducing agent purification device (purification COD 16) and a device for supplying a reducing agent. The combustion system is mounted on a vehicle and the vehicle is powered by an output from the internal combustion engine 10. In the present embodiment, the internal combustion engine 10 is a compression-ignition diesel engine utilizing an internal combustion engine 10. diesel fuel (light oil) for combustion. The supercharger 11 includes a turbine 11a, a rotating shaft 1 lb and a compressor 11c. The turbine 1a is disposed in an exhaust passage 10ex for the internal combustion engine 10 and rotates thanks to the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas. The rotary shaft 11b connects a wheel of the turbine 1a to a wheel of the compressor 11c and transmits a rotational force of the turbine 1a to the compressor 11c. The compressor 11c is disposed in an intake passage 10in of the internal combustion engine 10 and supplies intake air to the internal combustion engine 10 after compression (i.e., overcompression) of the intake air. A cooler 12 is disposed in the intake passage 10in downstream of the compressor 11c. The cooler 12 cools the intake air compressed by the compressor 11c, and the compressed intake air cooled by the cooler 12 is distributed in a plurality of combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 10 through a manifold. admittance once a flow quantity of the compressed intake air is adjusted by a throttle valve 13.
    [0006] The regeneration catalyst 14a (Diesel Oxidation Catalyst), the diesel particulate filter (DPF) 14, the NOx purification device 15 and the purification cell 16 are arranged in this order in the exhaust passage 10ex. downstream of the turbine 1 la. The FPD 14 collects the particles contained in the exhaust gas. The regeneration COD 14a includes a catalyst that oxidizes the unburned fuel contained in the exhaust gas and burns the unburned fuel. By burning the unburned fuel, the particles collected by the FPD 14 are burned and the FPD 14 is regenerated, whereby the collection capacity of the FPD 14 is maintained. It should be noted that this combustion of the unburned fuel within the regeneration COD 14a is not performed consistently but is performed provisionally when the regeneration of the FPD 14 is required. A supply passage 32 of the device for supplying a reducing agent is connected to the exhaust passage 10ex downstream of the FPD 14 and upstream of the NOx purification device 15. A reformed fuel generated by the supply device 15 a reducing agent is provided as a reducing agent in the exhaust passage 10ex through the feed passage 32. The reformed fuel is generated by partial oxidation of the hydrocarbon (i.e., fuel), which is used as a reducing agent, partially oxidized hydrocarbon, such as aldehyde, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 7. The NOx purification device 15 includes a nest support beverage 15b intended to carry a reduction catalyst and a housing 15a housing the support 15b. The NOx scrubber purifies the NOx contained in the exhaust gas through a NOx reaction with the reformed fuel in the presence of the reduction catalyst, ie, a NOx reduction process. in 25 N2. It should be noted that although DO2 is also contained in the exhaust gas in addition to NOx, the reformed reducing agent selectively reacts (preferably) with NOx in the presence of O2. In the present embodiment, the reduction catalyst has an adsorptivity enabling it to adsorb NOx. More specifically, the reduction catalyst demonstrates that it has the adsorptivity to adsorb NOx in the exhaust gas when a catalyst temperature is below an activation temperature at which the reaction of reduction by the reduction catalyst can occur. In contrast, when the catalyst temperature is above the activation temperature, NOx adsorbed by the reduction catalyst is reduced by the reformed fuel and then released from the reduction catalyst. For example, the NOx scrubbing device can exhibit NOx adsorption performance with a silver / alumina catalyst that is carried by the support 15b. The purification COD 16 comprises a housing which houses a support carrying an oxidation catalyst. The scrubbing COD 16 oxidizes the reducing agent, which exits the NOx scrubber without being used for NOx reduction, in the presence of the oxidation catalyst. Thus, it is possible to prevent the reducing agent from being released into an atmosphere through an outlet of the exhaust passage 10ex. It should be noted that an activation temperature of the oxidation catalyst (e.g., 200 ° C) is lower than the activation temperature (e.g., 250 ° C) of the reduction catalyst. We will then describe the device for providing a reducing agent.
    [0007] In general, the reducing agent supplying device generates the reformed fuel and supplies the reformed fuel into the exhaust passage 10ex through the supply passage 32. The reducing agent supplying device includes a discharge reactor 20 (ozone generator), an air pump 20p, a reaction chamber 30, a fuel injector 40 and a heater 50.
    [0008] As shown in Figure 2, the discharge reactor 20 includes a housing 22 having a fluid passage 22a and a plurality of electrode pairs 21 are arranged within the fluid passage 22a. More specifically, the electrodes 21 are held inside the housing 22 by means of electrical insulating elements 23. The electrodes 21 have a flat shape and are arranged so as to face each other in parallel. An electrode 21, which is grounded, and the other electrode 21, to which a high voltage is applied when electric power is supplied to the discharge reactor 20, are arranged alternately. The application of energy to the electrodes 21 is controlled by a microcomputer 81 of an electrical control unit (ECU 80).
    [0009] The air that is blown by the air pump 20p flows into the housing 22 of the discharge reactor 20. The air pump 20p is driven by an electric motor, and the electric motor is controlled by the microcomputer 81. The air blown by the air pump 20p flows into the fluid passage 22a within the housing 22, and passes through the discharge passages 21a formed between the electrodes 21. The reaction vessel 30 is attached to one side downstream of the discharge reactor 20, and a fuel injection chamber 30a and a vaporization chamber 30b are formed inside the reaction vessel 30. The fuel injection chamber 30a and the vaporization chamber 30b can correspond to the "reaction chamber" in which the fuel is oxidized with oxygen inside the air. An air inlet 30c is formed in the reaction vessel 30 and the air that has passed through the discharge passages 21a flows into the reaction vessel 30 through the air inlet 30c. The air inlet 30c is in communication with the fuel injection chamber 30a, and the fuel injection chamber 30a is in communication with the vaporization chamber 30b through an opening 30d. The air that has passed through the discharge passages 21a and has flowed from the air inlet 30c flows through the fuel injection chamber 30a and the vaporization chamber 30b in that order. and then exits an injection port 30e formed in the reaction vessel 30. The injection port 30e is in communication with the feed passage 32. The fuel injector 40 is attached to the reaction vessel 30 Fuel in liquid form (liquid fuel) within a fuel tank 40t is supplied to the fuel injector 40 by a pump 40p, and injected into the fuel injection chamber 30a through the orifices. Dl, D2, D3 and D4 injection (see Figure 3) of the fuel injector 40. The fuel inside the fuel tank 40t is also used as described above, and thus, the fuel is commonly used for the combustion of the internal combustion engine 10 and used as a reducing agent. The fuel injector 40 comprises an injection valve and the valve is actuated by an electromagnetic force by means of an electromagnetic solenoid. The microcomputer 81 controls the power supply (i.e., excitation) to the electromagnetic solenoid. The heater 50 is attached to the reaction vessel 30, and the heater 50 includes a heating element (not shown) that generates heat when electric power is supplied to the heater. In addition, the heater 50 includes a heat transfer envelope 51 which houses the heating element. The power supply (excitation) of the heating element is controlled by the microcomputer 81. An outer circumferential surface of the heat transfer envelope 51 may serve as a heating surface 51a and a temperature of the heating surface 51a is increased. by heating the heat transfer casing 51 by means of the heating element. The heat transfer envelope 51 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom and extends in a horizontal direction. More specifically, the heat transfer envelope 51 extends in the horizontal direction in a state in which the device for supplying a reducing agent is mounted on a vehicle. Namely, a median line Ch of the heat transfer envelope 51 (see FIG. 4) extends in the horizontal direction.
    [0010] The heating surface 51a is disposed within the vaporization chamber 30b and heats the liquid fuel injected from the fuel injector 40. The liquid fuel heated by the heater 50 is vaporized within the chamber of the fuel. vaporization 30b. The vaporized fuel is further heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a certain predetermined temperature. As a result, the fuel is thermally decomposed into a hydrocarbon that has a small number of carbon atoms, i.e. cracking occurs. The fuel injector 40 includes an injection port plate 41 and the injection ports D1, D2, D3 and D4 are formed on the injection port plate 41 (see FIG. 3). The injection ports D1, D2, D3 and D4 are arranged in a longitudinal direction of the heat transfer envelope 51 (ie, along the center line Ch). A median line Ci of the fuel injector 40 is inclined with respect to a vertical direction in a state in which the device for supplying a reducing agent is mounted on a vehicle. In other words, the median line Ch of the heater 50 is inclined with respect to the center line Ci of the fuel injector 40. As shown in FIG. 3, the injection orifices D1, D2, D3 and D4 have a shape that extends linearly, namely, the injection ports D1, D2, D3 and D4 have an axis that extends linearly. A cross section of each injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 is a circular shape and the injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 has a constant sectional area. Each center line C1, C2, C3, C4 of the injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 is inclined with respect to the center line Ci of the fuel injector 40. Fuel in liquid form (liquid fuel) is sprayed (atomized) through each injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 and the vaporized liquid fuel spreads in a substantially conical shape. In other words, a spray path of the sputtered liquid fuel has a substantially conical shape extending in a direction away from each injection port D1, D2, D3, D4. In the present embodiment, a median line of the spray path of the pulverized liquid fuel substantially corresponds to the center line C1, C2, C3, C4 of each injection port D1, D2, D3, D4. The liquid fuel sprayed from the injection ports D1 to D4 enters the vaporization chamber 30b through the opening 30d and is sprayed against the heating surface 51a. An intersection angle θ (see FIG. 2) formed between each center line C1, C2, C3, C4 and the heating surface 51a is an acute angle less than 90 °. More specifically, the intersection angle θ is defined as an angle between the center line C1, C2, C3, C4 and a virtual horizontal surface 15 of the heating surface 34a which is virtually in contact with a highest portion. of the heating surface 51a.1. The injection port D1 positioned on the upstream side of the injector 40 (ie, the leftmost side in Fig. 2) provides the intersection angle θ having a maximum value, and the intersection angles 0 respectively corresponding to the injection ports D2, D3, D4 decrease in this order towards a tip of the heater 50 (ie, a direction to the right in Figure 2). The injection ports D1 to D4 are positioned above the heating surface 51a with respect to gravity. Since the intersection angle θ is an acute angle, the sputtered liquid fuel diagonally reaches the heating surface 51a. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a sprayed region A1, A2, A3, A4 of the heating surface 51a, on which the liquid fuel from each injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 is sprayed, an elliptical shape with a longer axis along the median line Ch. The longer axis of the sputtered region Al corresponding to the intersection angle θ having a minimum value is the shortest axis, and the The longer axis of the sprayed region A2, A3, A4 increases in this order along the median line Ch. In other words, the longer axis of the sprayed region Al, A2, A3, A4 increases as the and as the intersection angle 0 decreases. It should be noted that, when increasing a diameter of the injection orifice D1, D2, D3, D4, or of increasing a distance between the injection orifice D1, D2, D3, D4 and the heating surface 51a, a surface of the sprayed region A1, A2, A3, A4 may also increase beyond a surface of the heating surface 34a. In view of all this, the diameter of the injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 and the distance between the injection port D1, D2, D3, D4 and the heating surface 51a are defined so that the sprayed region Al, A2, A3, A4 is within the heating surface 51a. A temperature sensor 31 which detects a temperature inside the vaporization chamber 30b is attached to the reaction vessel 30. Specifically, the temperature sensor 31 is arranged above the heat generating surface of the heater 50 within the vaporization chamber 30b. In addition, the temperature sensor 31 is positioned on a downstream side of the vaporization chamber 30b with respect to the fuel sprayed in an air flow direction so that the fuel is not directly sprayed onto the sensor of the vaporizer. temperature 31. A temperature detected by the temperature sensor 31 is a vaporized fuel temperature after reaction with air. The temperature sensor 31 generates information relating to the temperature detected to the ECU 80. When the electrical power is supplied to the discharge reactor 20, the electrons emitted from the electrodes 21 collide with the oxygen molecules contained in the air in the discharge passages 21a. As a result, ozone is generated from the oxygen molecules. That is, the discharge reactor 20 brings the oxygen molecules into a plasma state through a discharge process, and generates ozone as the active oxygen. Then, the ozone generated by the discharge reactor 20 is contained in the air flowing into the reaction vessel 30 through the air inlet 30c. A cold flame reaction occurs in the vaporization chamber 30b. In the cold flame reaction, fuel in the form of gas is partially oxidized with oxygen or ozone inside the air. The partially oxidized fuel is referred to as "reformed fuel", and the partial oxide (eg, aldehyde) may be one of the examples of the reformed fuel in which a portion of the fuel (hydrocarbon compound) is oxidized with an aldehyde group (CHO).
    [0011] The cold flame reaction will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate simulation results showing a change in a variety of physical quantities relative to a time elapsed from starting the spraying in the case where fuel (hexadecane) is sprayed on the heater 50 having a temperature of 430 ° C. In FIGS. 5 and 6, a graph (a) illustrates a change in an ambient temperature, a graph (b) illustrates a change from a molar concentration of the fuel (hexadecane) sprayed to the heater 50, a graph (c) illustrates a change in molar concentration (i) of oxygen consumed through the oxidation process, (ii) water molecules generated through the oxidation process, and (iii) molecules of carbon dioxide generated through the oxidation process, and a graph (d) illustrates a change in a molar concentration of acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde that are generated through the cold flame reaction. The initial conditions at the start of the fuel injection are defined at atmospheric pressure, 2200 ppm hexadecane concentration, 20% oxygen concentration, 9% carbon dioxide concentration and 2% water concentration. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the ambient temperature increases, the molar concentration of the fuel decreases, and the molar concentration of the reformed fuel increased immediately after fuel injection. This means that the fuel generates heat by being oxidized with the oxygen and the reformed fuel is generated from the fuel, i.e., the cold flame reaction occurs. However, such an increase in temperature and such changes in the molar concentration are temporary, and the increase in temperature and changes in the molar concentration do not occur until 4 seconds have elapsed from the start of the molar concentration. fuel injection. As shown in FIG. 5, when approximately 4 seconds elapse, the ambient temperature increases, the molar concentration of the reformed fuel decreases, the amounts of carbon dioxide and water generation increase, and a quantity of consumption of carbon dioxide. oxygen increases. This means that the reformed fuel generates heat by being oxidized with oxygen and the reformed fuel burns completely to generate carbon dioxide and water, i.e., the hot flame reaction occurs. An amount of temperature increase achieved through the cold flame reaction is less than that achieved through the hot flame reaction. In addition, a quantity of oxygen consumption obtained through the cold flame reaction is less than that obtained through the hot flame reaction. As shown in Figure 5, when the oxidation reaction occurs in two steps, the reformed fuel is generated as a reaction intermediate for a period of time from the cold flame reaction to the hot flame reaction. Examples of the reaction intermediate may be a variety of hydrocarbon compounds, such as aldehyde, ketone or the like. Figure 7 illustrates an example of a main reaction path through which aldehyde is generated. As indicated by (1) in Fig. 7, the hydrocarbon (diesel fuel) reacts with an oxygen molecule and a hydrocarbon peroxyl radical is generated. The hydrocarbon peroxyl radical is decomposed to the aldehyde and hydrocarbon radical (refer to (2) in Fig. 7). The hydrocarbon radical reacts with one oxygen molecule and another hydrocarbon peroxyl radical is generated (refer to (3) in Figure 7). The peroxyl hydrocarbon radical is decomposed into aldehyde and hydrocarbon radical (refer to (4) in Figure 7). The hydrocarbon radical reacts with one oxygen molecule and also another hydrocarbon peroxyl radical is generated (refer to (5) in Fig. 7). In this way, a hydrocarbon peroxyl radical is repeatedly generated while reducing the number of carbon atoms, and the aldehyde is generated each time during the generation of the peroxyl hydrocarbon radical. It should be noted that in the hot flame reaction, the fuel is completely burned and carbon dioxide and water are generated, but the reaction intermediate is not generated. In other words, the reaction intermediate generated through the cold flame reaction is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. The inventors of the present disclosure had furthermore performed the following 30 experiments to confirm the probability of the simulation results shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In the experiments, the fuel injector 40 sprays diesel fuel, and the diesel fuel is pulverized. was collided with a heated plate (not shown). Then, gaseous components vaporized on the heated plate were analyzed. Following analysis, it was confirmed that approximately 30 ppm acetaldehyde was generated when 2000 ppm diesel fuel collided with the heated plate. The test result indicates that acetaldehyde can be generated through the cold flame reaction. In the simulation as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a heater 50 temperature is set to 430 ° C. The inventors of the present disclosure had furthermore performed a simulation with different temperatures of the heater 50, and the results of analysis as shown in FIG. 8 were obtained. In Fig. 8, the symbols L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and L6 indicate the results when the heater temperature is set at 530 ° C, 430 ° C, 330 ° C, 230 ° C, 130 ° C and 30 ° C. ° C, respectively. As indicated by the symbol L1, when the heater temperature is 530 ° C, there is virtually no holding period in the cold flame reaction, and the oxidation reaction is completed in one step. In contrast, when the heater temperature is set to 330 ° C as indicated by the symbol L3, a start time of the cold flame reaction is delayed compared to a case where the heater temperature is set to 430 ° C as indicated by the symbol L2. Further, when the heater temperature is set to 230 ° C or lower, as indicated by symbols L4 to L6, none of the cold flame reaction and the hot flame reaction occur, namely, the reaction of the heater. oxidation does not occur. In the simulation illustrated in FIG. 8, the equivalent ratio, which is a ratio by weight of the fuel injected into the supplied air, is set to 0.23. In this respect, the present inventors obtained the results illustrated in FIG. 9 with the simulation of the different equivalent ratios. It should be noted that the equivalent ratio can be defined as a value by dividing "the weight of fuel contained in an air-fuel mixture" by "the weight of fuel that can be completely burned". As illustrated in Fig. 9, when the equivalent ratio is set to 1.0, there is virtually no hold period in the cold flame reaction, and the oxidation reaction is completed in one step. In addition, when the equivalent ratio is set to 0.37, the start time of the cold flame reaction is advanced, a cold flame reaction rate increases, a cold flame reaction period decreases, and the ambient temperature to moment of completion of the cold flame reaction increases, compared to a case in which the equivalent ratio is set to 0.23. FIG. 10 illustrates a summary of the analysis results of FIGS. 8 and 9, and the abscissa of the graph indicates the temperature of the heater (the ambient temperature) of FIG. 8 and the ordinate of the graph indicates the equivalent ratio of FIG. 9. The dashed region of Figure 10 is a region in which a two-step oxidation reaction occurs. As shown in Fig. 10, a region in which the ambient temperature is lower than a lower limit value is a non-reaction region in which the oxidation reaction does not occur. In addition, even when the ambient temperature is above the lower limit value, a region in which the equivalent ratio is greater than or equal to 1.0 is a single-stage oxidation reaction region in which the oxidation is complete. in one step.
    [0012] A boundary line between the two-step oxidation reaction region and the one-step oxidation reaction region is modified according to the ambient temperature and the equivalent ratio. That is, when the ambient temperature is within a specified temperature range and the equivalent ratio is within a specified equivalent ratio range, the two-step oxidation reaction occurs. That is, the specified temperature range and the specified equivalent ratio range correspond to the dotted region in Fig. 10. When the ambient temperature is set to an optimum temperature (eg, 370 ° C) within the range. specified temperature, the equivalent ratio on the bounding line has a maximum value (for example, 1.0).
    [0013] Thus, in order to generate the cold flame reaction earlier, the heater temperature is adjusted to the optimum temperature and the equivalent ratio is set to 1.0. However, when the equivalent ratio is greater than 1.0, the cold flame reaction does not occur, and so the equivalent ratio is preferably set to a value less than 1.0 of a given margin.
    [0014] In the simulation as shown in Figures 8 and 9, an ozone concentration of air is set to zero. The inventors of the present disclosure had furthermore performed a simulation with different concentrations of ozone in the air, and a result of analysis as shown in Fig. 11 was obtained. In the simulation, an initial condition was defined with 1 atmospheric pressure, a hexadecane concentration of 2200 ppm and an ambient temperature of 330 ° C. As shown in Figure 11, the start time of the cold flame reaction occurs earlier when the ozone concentration increases. Such a phenomenon can be explained as below. As described above, the hydrocarbon radical reacts with an oxygen molecule in (1), (3) and (5) in Figure 7, and these reactions are accelerated with the ozone contained in the air. As a result, aldehyde is generated in a short time, whereby the start time of the cold flame reaction takes place earlier.
    [0015] The microcomputer 81 of the ECU 80 includes a memory unit for storing programs, and a central unit executing arithmetic processing according to the programs stored in the memory unit. The ECU 80 controls the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 on the basis of sensor detection values. The sensors may include an accelerator pedal sensor 91, an engine speed sensor 92, a throttle valve sensor 93, an intake air pressure sensor 94, an intake quantity sensor 95 , an exhaust temperature sensor 96, or the like. The accelerator pedal sensor 91 detects an amount of depression of an accelerator pedal of a vehicle by a driver. The motor speed sensor 92 detects a rotational speed of an output shaft 10a of the internal combustion engine 10 (i.e., a rotational speed of the engine). The throttle opening sensor 93 detects an opening amount of the throttle valve 13. The intake air pressure sensor 94 detects a pressure of the intake passage 10in at a position downstream of the throttle valve 13. The intake amount 95 detects the mass flow rate of the intake air. The ECU 80 generally controls a quantity and a time of injection of the fuel for combustion which is injected from a fuel injection valve (not shown) according to a rotation speed of the output shaft 10a and a In addition, the ECU 80 controls the operation of the device for supplying a reducing agent on the basis of an exhaust gas temperature detected by the gas temperature sensor. In other words, the microcomputer 81 switches between the generation of reformed fuel and the generation of ozone by repeatedly executing a process (ie, a program) as shown in FIG. 12 at a predetermined time. The process starts when an ignition switch is turned on and is run constantly when the internal combustion engine 10 is running.
    [0016] In step 10 of Figure 12, the microcomputer 81 determines whether the internal combustion engine 10 is running. When the internal combustion engine 10 is not running, the operation of the device for supplying a reducing agent is stopped in step 15. More specifically, when electric power is supplied to the discharge reactor 20 at the air pump 20p, the fuel injector 40 and the heater 50, the power supply is stopped. While when the internal combustion engine 10 is running, the reducing agent supply device operates at a temperature of the reduction catalyst (NOx catalyst temperature) within the NOx scrubber 15.
    [0017] More specifically, in step 11, the air pump 20p is operated with a predetermined amount of power. Then, in step 12, it is determined whether the temperature of the NOx catalyst is lower than an activation temperature T1 of the reduction catalyst (e.g., 250 ° C). The temperature of the NOx catalyst is estimated by using an exhaust gas temperature detected by the exhaust gas temperature sensor 96. It should be noted that the activation temperature of the reduction catalyst is a temperature at which the reformed fuel can purify NOx through the reduction process. When it is determined that the temperature of the NOx catalyst is lower than the activation temperature T1, a subroutine process for an ozone generation control as shown in Fig. 13 is performed at step 13 Initially, a predetermined amount of power is supplied to the electrodes 21 of the discharge reactor 20 to start an electrical discharge in step 20 in Fig. 13. Next, the power supply to the heater 50 is stopped at step 21 , and the power supply to the fuel injector 40 is stopped to stop fuel injection in step 22. According to the ozone generation control, the discharge reactor 20 generates ozone and the generated ozone is provided in the exhaust passage 10ex through the fuel injection chamber 30a, the vaporization chamber 30b and the supply passage 32. In this case, if the supply to the heater r 50 is implemented, the ozone will be heated by the heater 50 and will subside. In addition, if fuel is supplied, the ozone inside the discharge reactor 20 will react with the supplied fuel. In view of this, in the ozone generation control as shown in Fig. 13, the heating by the heater 50 and the supply of fuel by the fuel injector 40 are stopped. For this reason, since the reaction of the ozone with the fuel and the collapse related to the heating can be avoided, the generated ozone is provided in the exhaust passage 10ex as it is.
    [0018] When it is determined that the temperature of the NOx catalyst is greater than or equal to the activation temperature T1 in FIG. 12, a reformed fuel generation control subroutine process illustrated in FIG. Step 14. We will outline the process of Figure 14 along the dashed lines in the figure. In step 30, the operation of the heater 50 is controlled to adjust a temperature within the reaction vessel 30 within the specified temperature range. Then, in step 40, the equivalent ratio which is a ratio of fuel to air within the reaction vessel 30 is adjusted to a value within the specified equivalent ratio range. The specified temperature range and the specified equivalent ratio range are included within the two-step oxidation region as indicated by the dotted region in Fig. 10. Accordingly, the cold flame reaction occurs and the reformed fuel as described above is generated. The lower limit of the specified temperature range is defined at 260 ° C which is the boundary line between the one-step oxidation region and the non-reaction region and between the two-step oxidation region and the non-reaction region. . The upper limit of the specified temperature range is set at the maximum temperature on a boundary line between the one-step oxidation region and the two-step oxidation region. The upper limit of the specified equivalent ratio range is set to a value which is a maximum value on the boundary line between the one-step oxidation region and the two-step oxidation region and which corresponds to 370 ° C .
    [0019] In addition, in step 50, the feed to the discharge reactor 20 is adjusted to a fuel concentration within the reaction vessel 30. As a result, ozone is generated, and the ozone generated is provided in the reaction vessel 30. Thus, as described above with reference to Fig. 11, the start time of the cold flame reaction is advanced, and the cold flame reaction time is reduced. As a result, even when the size of the reaction vessel is reduced so that a fuel holding time within the reaction vessel is reduced, the cold flame reaction can be completed during the holding period. whereby the size of the reaction vessel 30 can be reduced. The microcomputer 81 executing step 30 may have a "temperature regulator (regulator)". The microcomputer 81 executing step 40 may have an "equivalent ratio regulator (regulator)". The microcomputer 81 executing step 50 may have a "discharge power regulator (regulator)". The details of steps S30, S40 and S50 will be discussed below with reference to Fig. 14. We will first describe the process of the temperature controller in step 30. In step 31, a temperature within the device for supplying a reducing agent, namely, inside the reaction vessel 30, is obtained. Specifically, a sensing temperature Tact detected by the temperature sensor 31 is obtained. In the following step 32, it is determined whether the Tact detection temperature is higher than a predetermined target temperature Ttrg. More specifically, it is determined whether a difference Δt obtained by subtracting the target temperature Ttrg from the detection temperature Tact is greater than zero.
    [0020] When AT> 0 is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step 33, and a heating amount by heater 50 is increased. Specifically, an excitation duty factor to the heater 50 is increased as the absolute value of the difference Δt increases. On the other hand, when AT> 0 is satisfied, it is detuned if the difference AT exceeds a maximum value (e.g., -50 ° C) in step 34. When the difference ΔT does not exceed the maximum value, the process passes in step 35, and a heating amount by the heater 50 is reduced. Specifically, the duty cycle to the heater 50 is reduced when the absolute value of the difference Δt increases. However, when the difference AT exceeds the maximum value, the process proceeds to step 36, and the power supply to the heater 50 is stopped. As a result, the ambient temperature can be quickly reduced. The target temperature Ttrg used in step 32 is set at room temperature (eg, 370 ° C) at which the ratio is equivalent to the maximum value in the two-step oxidation region shown in Figure 10. Given that a temperature inside the vaporization chamber 30b is increased by the cold flame reaction, the heater 50 is set to have a temperature which is lower than the target temperature Ttrg by a temperature increase by the reaction cold flame. We will then describe a process performed by the equivalent ratio controller in step 40. In step 40, when the difference Δt is less than or equal to 50 ° C, the process proceeds to step 41, and a value maximum (pmax of the equivalent ratio, which corresponds to the Tact detection temperature, and at which the cold flame reaction occurs, is calculated.) More specifically, the maximum value (pmax of the equivalent ratio corresponding to the ambient temperature in the oxidation region in two steps, or a value obtained by subtracting a given margin from the maximum value (pmax is stored in the microcomputer 81 as the target equivalent ratio (ptrg, for example, a map for the maximum value ( pmax of the equivalent ratio corresponding to the ambient temperature in the two-step oxidation region is prepared and the card is stored in the microcomputer 81 in advance. imale (pmax of the equivalent ratio corresponding to the detection temperature Tact is calculated by means of the card.
    [0021] In step 42, the target equivalent ratio (ptrg is defined on the basis of a maximum value (pmax of the equivalent ratio calculated in step 41). More specifically, the target equivalent ratio (ptrg is defined as subtracting a margin maximum value (max.) Therefore, even when a real equivalent ratio is greater than the target equivalent ratio (ptrg, the actual equivalent ratio will be less likely to exceed the maximum value (pmax, and therefore the probability non-occurrence of the cold flame reaction can be decreased.
    [0022] On the contrary, when the difference Δt is greater than 50 ° C. and the heater 50 is stopped in step 36, the process proceeds to step 43, and the erg equivalent target ratio is set to a predetermined value for cooling. air. The predetermined value for air cooling is set to be greater than the maximum value ymax of the equivalent ratio corresponding to the target temperature Ttrg. In other words, a decrease in the ambient temperature can be accelerated by increasing an amount of airflow compared to the case of step 42. In step 44, a target fuel flow Ftrg, which is a fuel flow 10 for adequately providing a fuel quantity necessary to completely reduce the NOx flowing in the NOx scrubber 15 is defined. The target fuel flow rate Ftrg means the mass of fuel that is supplied to the NOx scrubber per unit time. Specifically, the target fuel flow rate Ftrg is defined on the basis of an incoming flow of NOx, which will be described hereinafter, and a NOx catalyst temperature. The NOx inflow is the mass of NOx flowing through the NOx scrubber per unit time. For example, the NOx inflow can be estimated on the basis of an operating condition of the internal combustion engine 10. The NOx catalyst temperature is a temperature of the reduction catalyst inside the purification device. For example, the temperature of the NOx catalyst can be estimated on the basis of a temperature detected by the exhaust gas temperature sensor 96. The target fuel flow rate Ftrg increases as the inflow of NOx increases. . In addition, since a reduced amount (NOx reduction performance) in the presence of the reduction catalyst changes as a function of the NOx catalyst temperature, the target fuel flow rate Ftrg is set according to a difference. in the reduction performance due to the NOx catalyst temperature. In the next step 45, a target airflow Atrg is calculated based on the target equivalent ratio (1) trg defined in step 42 or step 43, and the target fuel flow rate Ftrg set to step 44. In particular, the target air flow Atrg is calculated so as to satisfy equation (1) trg = Ftrg / Atrg.
    [0023] In the following step 46, the operation of the air pump 20p is controlled on the basis of the target air flow Atrg calculated in step 45. Specifically, the duty cycle of excitation to the air pump 20p increases as the target airflow Atrg increases. Then, in step 47, the operation of the fuel injector 40 is controlled to execute the fuel injection based on the target fuel flow Ftrg defined in step 44. Specifically, the opening time the fuel injector 40 increases as the target fuel flow Ftrg increases. The microcomputer 81 executing steps 44 and 47 may have a "fuel flow regulator" which regulates a fuel flow rate to be provided in the vaporization chamber 30b. The microcomputer 81 executing steps 41, 42, 43, 45 and 46 may have an "air flow regulator" which controls an air flow rate to be supplied to the vaporization chamber 30b. We will then provide a description of the process of step 50 using the discharge power regulator. Initially, an Otrg target ozone flow rate is calculated at step 51 based on the target fuel flow rate Ftrg defined in step 44. Specifically, the Otrg target ozone flow rate is calculated such that a ratio of an ozone concentration to a fuel concentration within the vaporization chamber 30b falls to a given value (e.g., 0.2). For example, the ratio is set so that the cold flame reaction can be completed in a given time (e.g., 0.02 s). For example, when the fuel concentration is 2200 ppm as shown in Figure 11, the ozone concentration of 400 ppm is required to complete the cold flame reaction in 0.02 seconds or less. In this case, the Otrg target ozone flow rate is set so that the ozone concentration falls to 400 ppm. In the following step 52, a target excitation amount Ptrg to the discharge reactor 20 is calculated on the basis of the target airflow Atrg calculated in step 45 and the Otrg target ozone rate calculated at the same time. step S51. The air hold time within the discharge passage 21a decreases as the target air flow rate Atrg increases. Therefore, the amount of target excitation Ptrg increases as the target airflow Atrg increases. According to the present embodiment, the delivery device of a reducing agent includes the reaction vessel 30 in which the fuel is oxidized by the oxygen of the air. A temperature and the equivalent ratio in the reaction vessel 30 are adjusted to generate the cold flame reaction, and fuel (reformed fuel) partially oxidized by the cold flame reaction is provided in the exhaust passage 10ex as NOx reducing agent.
    [0024] Thus, the NOx scrubbing rate can be improved over a case in which fuel that is not partially oxidized is used as a reducing agent. Further, in the present embodiment, the discharge reactor 20 is provided, and ozone generated by the discharge reactor 20 is provided in the reaction vessel 30 when the cold flame reaction is generated. For this reason, the start time of the cold flame reaction can be advanced, and the cold flame reaction time can be reduced. As a result, even when the size of the reaction vessel is reduced, and a fuel holding time within the reaction vessel is shortened, the cold flame reaction can be completed during the holding time. . Thus, the size of the reaction vessel 30 can be reduced. Further, in the present embodiment, the power supply used for the electric discharge is adjusted according to the fuel concentration inside the vaporization chamber 30b throughout the process of step 50 of the For example, the Otrg target ozone flow is calculated so that a ratio of the ozone concentration to the fuel concentration falls to a given value (for example 0.2), and then a power discharge is set. For this reason, the excess or lack of the concentration of ozone with respect to the fuel concentration is suppressed, and the start of the cold flame reaction can be advanced by supplying the ozone at the appropriate amount, whereby the power consumption at the discharge reactor 20 can be reduced. Further, in the present embodiment, when a temperature of the reduction catalyst is lower than the activation temperature T1, the ozone generated by the discharge reactor 20 is supplied to the vaporization chamber 30b while stopping the fuel injection by the fuel injector 40, thereby providing ozone in the exhaust passage 10ex. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the reformed fuel as a reducing agent from being supplied when the reduction catalyst in the NOx purification device is not activated. Since the NO of the exhaust gas is oxidized to NO2 by the supply of ozone, and is adsorbed inside the NOx scrubbing catalyst, an amount of NOx adsorption to the interior The NOx scrubbing device can increase. In addition, the present embodiment discusses the heater 50 which heats the fuel and the temperature sensor 31 which senses a temperature (room temperature) within the vaporization chamber 30b. The temperature controller in step 30 of Fig. 14 sets the operation of the heater 50 to a temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 31 to adjust the temperature within the vaporization chamber 30b to the specified temperature range. As a result, a temperature inside the vaporization chamber 30b is detected directly by the temperature sensor 31. In addition, the fuel in the vaporization chamber 30b is heated directly by the heater 50. For this reason, the Adjusting a temperature within the vaporization chamber 30b to the specified temperature range can be achieved with great accuracy. It should be noted that the range of the specified equivalent ratio where the cold flame reaction occurs may be different depending on the ambient temperature as shown in Fig. 10. In view of the above, the ratio regulator is equivalent to step 40 of FIG. 14 modifies the target equivalent ratio 4trg according to the detection temperature Tact. Therefore, even when the sensing temperature Tact is shifted from the target temperature Ttrg, since the equivalent ratio according to the actual temperature inside the vaporization chamber 30b, the cold flame reaction can occur. Certainly. Further, in the present embodiment, the target fuel flow rate Ftrg is set in steps 44 and 47 (fuel quantity injected regulator) of Fig. 14 based on a required flow rate of the reducing agent which is required by the NOx scrubber 15. The target airflow Atrg is defined in steps 41, 42, 43, 45 and 46 (airflow regulator) based on the target fuel flow Ftrg of such so that the equivalent ratio falls within the specified equivalent ratio range. For this reason, the equivalent ratio can be adjusted to the specified equivalent ratio range while satisfying the required flow rate of the reducing agent required by the NOx purification device 15. In addition, according to the present embodiment, the The cracking is generated by the heater 50 to thermally decompose the fuel into a hydrocarbon compound having a small number of carbon atoms. Since the hydrocarbon compound having a small number of carbon atoms has a low boiling point, the vaporized fuel can be removed to return to a liquid form.
    [0025] Second Embodiment In the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, air is supplied into the discharge reactor 20 by the air pump 20p. In contrast, in a device for supplying a reducing agent according to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, part of the intake air in the internal combustion engine 10 is introduced into the discharge reactor 20. Specifically, a branch pipe 36h is connected between a portion of the intake passage 10in downstream of the compressor 11c and upstream of the cooler 12 and the fluid passage 22a of the discharge reactor 20. In addition, a branch pipe 36c is connected between a portion of the intake passage 10in downstream of the cooler 12 and the fluid passage 22a. High temperature inlet air that has not been cooled by cooler 12 is provided in discharge reactor 20 through branch pipe 36h. In contrast, a low temperature intake air, after being cooled by the cooler 12, is provided in the discharge reactor 20 through the branch pipe 36c.
    [0026] A solenoid valve 36 which opens and closes an internal passage of the respective bypass pipes 36h and 36c is attached to the branch pipes 36h and 36c. The operation of the solenoid valve 36 is controlled by the microcomputer 81. When the solenoid valve 36 is actuated to open the branch pipe 36h and close the branch pipe 36c, the high temperature inlet air flows. in the discharge reactor 20. When the solenoid valve 36 is actuated to open the bypass pipe 36c and close the branch pipe 36h, the low temperature inlet air flows into the discharge reactor 20.
    [0027] The operation of the solenoid valve 36 allows switching between a mode in which the high temperature intake air that has not been cooled by the cooler 12 is derived upstream of the cooler 12, and a mode in which the air low temperature inlet, after being cooled by the cooler 12 is derived downstream of the cooler 12. In this case, the mode of supply of the low temperature intake air is selected during a control of ozone generation, and thus prevents the generated ozone from being destroyed by the heat of the intake air. In contrast, the mode of supply of the high temperature intake air is selected in another case than the ozone generation control, and it is prevented that the fuel heated by the heater 50 is cooled by the air of admission inside the reaction chamber. During a period during which the solenoid valve 36 is open, a quantity of intake air in the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 10 is reduced by a quantity of parts of the intake air which flow through branch pipes 36h and 36c. For this reason, the microcomputer 81 corrects the opening of the throttle valve 13 or a compression quantity of the compressor 11c, so that a quantity of intake air flowing into the combustion chambers increases by the amount of the intake air flowing through the bypass pipes 36h and 36c during the opening period of the solenoid valve 36. According to the present embodiment, a portion of the intake air compressed by the compressor 11c is provided in the discharge reactor 20. For this reason, oxygen-containing air can be supplied into the discharge reactor 20 without the air pump 20p as illustrated in FIG.
    [0028] Third Embodiment In the embodiments as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 5, ozone is generated by the discharge reactor 20 and the generated ozone is introduced into the reaction vessel 30. Alternatively, in FIG. the third embodiment as shown in Figure 16, the discharge reactor 20 is eliminated. In this case, although an acceleration of the reaction rate by ozone in the reaction vessel 30 can not be achieved, the size of the reducing agent supplying device can be reduced.
    [0029] Other Embodiments Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but may be implemented with various modifications as illustrated hereinafter. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the heater 50 is arranged inside the reaction vessel 30. Alternatively, the heater 50 may be arranged outside the reaction vessel 30 such that the fuel or the air is heated to a position upstream of the reaction vessel 30. In addition, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the temperature sensor 31 is arranged inside the reaction vessel 30. , the temperature sensor 31 may be arranged at a position downstream of the reaction vessel 30. In the embodiment described above as shown in FIG. 1, the fuel injector 40 is used as atomizer which atomizes the fuel. liquid fuel and provides atomized liquid fuel to the heater. A vibrating device that atomises the fuel in liquid form by vibrating the fuel can be used as an atomizer. The vibrating device may include a vibrating plate that vibrates at a high frequency and the fuel vibrates on the vibrating plate.
    [0030] In the embodiment described above illustrated in FIG. 15, the intake air is derived from two parts of the intake passage 10in upstream and downstream of the cooler 12 through the branch pipes 36h and 36c. . On the contrary, any of the two bypass pipes 36h and 36c can be eliminated, and the mode switching by the solenoid valve 36 can also be eliminated.
    [0031] When the device for supplying a reducing agent is in a complete shutdown state in which the generation of both ozone and the reformed reducing agent is stopped, the electric discharge at the discharge reactor 20 can be stopped to reduce excessive energy consumption. The device for supplying a reducing agent may be in the complete shutdown state when, for example, the temperature of the NOx catalyst is below the activation temperature and the amount of adsorbed NOx reaches the saturation amount. or when the temperature of the NOx catalyst rises above a maximum temperature at which the reduction catalyst can reduce NOx. In addition, the operation of the air pump 20p can be stopped in the complete off state so as to reduce the excessive consumption of energy. In the embodiment described above as shown in FIG. 1, the reduction catalyst which physically adsorbs NOx (ie, physisorption) is used in the NOx purification device 15, but a reducing agent which adsorbs chemically NOx (ie, chemisorption) can be used. The NOx scrubber 15 can adsorb the NOx when an air-fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine 10 is poorer than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (i.e., when the engine 10 is operating in combustion at 10 ° C). lean mixture) and can reduce NOx when the air-fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine 10 is not poorer than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (i.e., when the engine 10 is operating in non-lean burn combustion) . In this case, the ozone is generated at the time of the lean burn and the reformed reducing agent is generated at the time of the non-lean burn. One example of a catalyst that adsorbs NOx at the time of lean burn can be a platinum and barium supported chemisorption reduction catalyst. The delivery device of a reducing agent may be applied to a combustion system which includes the NOx purification device without the adsorption function (ie, physisorption and chemisorption functions). In this case, in the NOx scrubber 15, an iron-based or copper-based catalyst can be used as a catalyst whose NOx reduction performance is within a given specified temperature range of the lean burn, and a reforming substance can be supplied to these catalysts as a reducing agent. In the embodiment described above, the temperature of the NOx catalyst used in step 12 of FIG. 12 is estimated on the basis of the temperature of the exhaust gas detected by the exhaust gas temperature sensor. 96. However, a temperature sensor can be attached to the NOx scrubber 15, and the temperature sensor can directly detect the temperature of the NOx catalyst. Alternatively, the temperature of the NOx catalyst can be estimated based on a rotational speed of the output shaft 10a and a motor load of the internal combustion engine 10.
    [0032] In the embodiment described above as shown in FIG. 1, the discharge reactor 20 comprises the electrodes 21, each having a flat shape and facing each other in parallel. However, the discharge reactor 20 may include an acicular needle-shaped electrode (pin electrode) and an annular electrode annularly surrounding the needle electrode. In the embodiment described above as shown in Figure 1, the device for providing a reducing agent is applied to the combustion system which is installed in a vehicle. However, the active substance delivery system can be applied to a stationary combustion system. Further, in the embodiments as shown in FIG. 1, the device for supplying a reducing agent is applied to a diesel engine with self-ignition compression, and diesel for combustion is used as a reducing agent. However, the delivery device of a reducing agent can be applied to a self-igniting gasoline engine, and gasoline for combustion can also be used as a reducing agent. Means and functions provided by the ECU may be provided, for example, solely by the software, only the hardware, or a combination thereof. The ECU may consist of, for example, an analog circuit. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown, from which we can provide other modes and other embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention. .
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Device for supplying a reducing agent for a fuel combustion system which includes an NOx scrubbing device (15) having a reduction catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage (10ex) for purifying the NOx contained in the gas exhaust system of an internal combustion engine (10), the device for supplying a reducing agent providing a reducing agent in the exhaust passage (10ex) at a position upstream of the reduction catalyst, the supply device a reducing agent comprising: a reaction vessel (30) having a reaction chamber (30a, 30b) in which the fuel of a hydrocarbon compound is mixed with air and is oxidized with oxygen in the atmosphere air; an equivalent ratio regulator (S40) which adjusts an equivalent ratio of the fuel to the air within the reaction chamber to be within a specified equivalent ratio range; and a temperature controller (S30) that adjusts a temperature within the reaction chamber to within a specified temperature range, wherein - the specified equivalent ratio range and the range of specified temperature are defined such that a cold flame reaction, through which the fuel inside the reaction chamber is partially oxidized with oxygen, is generated, and the fuel which is partially oxidized by the cold flame reaction bias is used as a reducing agent.
    [0002]
    The device for supplying a reducing agent according to claim 1, further comprising an ozone generator (20) which generates ozone, wherein the ozone generated by the ozone generator is supplied to the chamber reaction during the generation of the cold flame reaction.
    [0003]
    A device for supplying a reducing agent according to claim 2, wherein the ozone generator (20) generates ozone by electrical discharge of air, and the device for providing a reducing agent further comprises a discharge power regulator (S50) which adjusts the electrical power used for an electrical discharge at the ozone generator according to a fuel concentration within the reaction chamber.
    [0004]
    A device for providing a reducing agent according to claim 2 or 3, wherein when a temperature of the reduction catalyst is lower than an activation temperature of the reduction catalyst, the ozone generated by the ozone generator is provided in the reaction chamber while stopping the supply of fuel into the reaction chamber to supply ozone in the exhaust passage (10ex) at a position upstream of the reduction catalyst.
    [0005]
    5. A reducing agent supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a heater (50) which heats the supplied fuel in the reaction chamber; and a temperature sensor (31) which detects a temperature within the reaction chamber, wherein the temperature controller adjusts the temperature within the reaction chamber so that it is within the temperature range. the specified temperature range by setting the heater to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.
    [0006]
    Apparatus for providing a reducing agent according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the equivalent ratio regulator modifies a target equivalent ratio (ptrg) which is a target value of the equivalent ratio, depending on the temperature inside the reaction chamber.
    [0007]
    7. A reducing agent supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the equivalent ratio regulator includes: a fuel flow regulator (S44, S47) which regulates a fuel flow to be supplied in the reaction chamber; andan air flow regulator (S41, S42, S43, S45, S46) which regulates a flow of air to be supplied into the reaction chamber, wherein the fuel flow regulator defines a target fuel flow (Ftrg ), which is a target value of the fuel flow to be supplied to the reaction chamber, based on a required flow rate of the reducing agent, which is required at the NOx scrubber, and the regulator air flow rate defines a target airflow (Atrg), which is a target value of the airflow to be supplied to the reaction chamber, based on the target fuel flow so that the equivalent ratio is within the specified equivalent ratio range.
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    US9021792B2|2011-03-15|2015-05-05|Hino Motors, Ltd.|Exhaust gas purification device|
    JP5770585B2|2011-09-28|2015-08-26|本田技研工業株式会社|Air-fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engine|JP6107748B2|2014-06-20|2017-04-05|株式会社デンソー|Reducing agent addition device|
    JP6376088B2|2015-09-08|2018-08-22|株式会社デンソー|Ozone supply device|
    US10288017B1|2017-10-25|2019-05-14|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Model based control to manage eDOC temperature|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP2014015933A|JP6015684B2|2014-01-30|2014-01-30|Reducing agent addition device|
    JP201415933|2014-01-30|
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